Heating and cooling system



Feb. 23, 1937. T. M. RUST ET AL N v2,071,801

HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEM I Filed March 5, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lll-l nan @QM Mw M Attorneys Feb. 23, 1937. f T. M. RUST ET AL 2,071,801

HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEM Filed Marcus; 1936 2 sheets-sheet 2' .v 4 y l[n.venlors T M. @usf L- 'T fra/f 5- Y v fw# BMw/am n MM . A ll om-eys` Ylaiemltal Feb, l23, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT .OFFICE folk Application March 5,

3 Claims.

The present invention relates to new and useful improvements in heating and cooling systems particularly for residential buildings, although it will be-understood that an apparatus in accordance with the present invention may be installed for use in any other types of buildings for which it may be found adapted and desirable. f y

The primaryobject of the invention is .to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a system of the aforementioned' character embodying a novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts through the medium of which an even, predetermined temperature will be automatically maintained in all of the rooms of the building. l

Another very important object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, an apparatus of the character described which may be expeditiously converted for use as a cooling system in warm weather.

Other objects of the invention are to provide a heating and cooling system of the character set forth which will be comparatively simple in construction, strong, durable, highly efficient and reliable in operation, compact andwhich may be manufactured and installed at low cost.

All of the foregoing and still further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from a study of the ,following speciflcation, taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings wherein like characters of reference designateV corresponding parts throughout the several views, and wherein:-

Figure l is a view in vertical section through a building, showing a system in accordance with l,the present invention installedtherein, portions of said system beingbroken away in vertical section.

Figure 2 is a view in vertical section, taken substantially on'the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a View partially in side elevation and partially in section of that portion of the invention shown in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view, taken sub stantially on the line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a verticalsectionalview, taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Figure 4.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, it will 50' be seen that the reference numeral I designates a furnace which, in the arrangement illustrated,

is installed at grade in a furnace room 2 which is constructed as an annex to the building 3. The furnace I is provided with an oil burner 4 which is automatically controlled by a thermostat 5 1936, Serial No. 67,399 (C1. 237-48) suitably located in the building 3. The furnace I is connected, as at 6, to a chimney "I.

The furnace I is enclosed in a spaced jacket 8 from the top of which a delivery pipe 9 extends upwardly through the rst and second floor rooms I0 and II, respectively, of the building 3, through the attic I2 and then through the roof I3 to the atmosphere. vConnected to the delivery pipe 9 in the attic I2 is a manifold I4 the branches I5 of which communicate with the 10 rooms I IJ and I I through the ceilings thereof. It will be observed that the branch I5 from the manifold I4 which communicates with the lower rooms I0 extends downwardly in the partition I6 between the upper rooms II.

Mounted in the delivery pipe 9, above the manifold I4, is a damper I'I which is actuated or controlled by a thermostat I8 located on the outside of said delivery pipe 9. The thermostat I8 A may be conveniently adjusted as desired to function at different temperatures through the medium of an adjusting screw I9 to which one end of said thermostat is connected. The reference numeral 20 designates an adjustable stop for the damper I'I which is mounted in the pipe 9. vThe reference numeral 2| designates a vent having a suitable closure or cover through the medium of which the pipe 9 communicates with the attic I2.

Extending beneath the lower or ground oor 22 `of the building 3 is a return pipe 23 .which communicates with the jacket 8 adjacent the bottom thereof. Branches 24 from the pipe 23 communicate with the'rooms I0 and -II through the floors thereof. The' branches 24 are provided with dampers 25 which are operated by thermostats 26 located in said branches 24. Adjustable stops 21 are provided for the dampers 25. Adjusting screws 28 are. provided for regulating the thermostats 26. l

The end of the pipe 23 which is remote from the jacket 8 passes through the foundation of the building 3, as at 29, to the outside atmosphere and mounted in this end portion ofv said pipe 23 are dampers 3|). The reference numeral 3l desig- 5 nates.,a cool air inlet for the pipe 23 which is located below the ground oor 22 of the building 3. The inlet 3| is controlled by a damper 32 which is actuated by an adjustable thermostat 33 located on the outside of said inlet 3I.

Mounted in the inlet end portion ofthe pipe 9 is a damper 34 for which an adjustable `stop 35 is provided. The damper 34 is actuated by a thermostat 36 which is located .in the intake end portion of the pipe 9 immediately above the jacket 8.

Briey, the operation of the system is substantially as follows:-

With the damper 34 open and the damper I1 closed, as seen in Figure 1 of the drawings, warm air from the jacket 8 passes upwardly through the pipe 9, through the manifold I4 and is discharged from the branches I5 into the rooms I0 and II at the ceilings thereof. As the air cools it drops and passes into the branches 24 and then through the pipe 23 back to the jacket 8 to be reheated. It will thus be seen that a continuous circulation of the air is had. The thermostats 26 are set to close the dampers 25 when the air in the rooms Ill and I I is at or above a predetermined temperature. By reason of this arrangement the circulation will take place only through those rooms in which the temperature has fallen below the desired point. It may also be well to here state that the registers or inlets of the branches 24 are located at the most advantageous points in the rooms I0 and II for receiving the coldest air in said rooms, such as adjacent the outside or exposed walls, below windows, etc. When the oil burner 4 is not functioning and the air in the jacket 8 falls below a predetermined temperature the thermostat 36 closes the damper 34 for preventing circulation of cold air through the rooms.

Of course, when the oil burner 4, under the control of the thermostat 5 begins to function and the air in the jacket 8 is heated, the damper 34 is opened by the thermostat 36 thereby permitting passage of the heated air up the pipe 9.

In Warm. weather the damper 34 is normally maintained in closed position and the damper I1 is opened by its thermostat I8 which is responsive to the temperature in the attic I2. The dampers 25 are now opened, also the dampers 30 or the damper 32, to permit thepassage of cool air through the pipe 23, through the branches 24 and the rooms I0 and II, then through the branches I5, the manifold I4 and the upper portion of the pipe 9 to the atmosphere above the roof I3 of the building4 3. As the damper 32 is located in the comparatively cool air under the building 3 said damper will be' kept open at all times in warm weather by its respective thermostat 33. The dampers 3D are .manually operated while the damper 32 is, as hereinbefore described, thermally controlled. It may also be well to here state that in warm weather, with the burner 4 out of operation, the temperature in the lower end portion of the pipe 9 will not be su'iciently high to cause the thermostat 36 to open the p damper 34 while the comparatively high temperature in the' attic I2 of the building 3 will cause the thermostat I8 to open the damper I'I.

It is believed that the many advantages of a` heating and cooling system constructed in accordance with the present invention will be readily understood, and although a preferred embodiment of the apparatus is as illustrated and described, it is to be understood that changes in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to which will fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

What is claimed isz- 1. A heating and cooling system for buildings comprising, in combination, a heating plant, a conduit extending from said heating plant to the atmosphere, a manifold establishing communication between said conduit and the interior of the building, and a thermally controlled damper mounted in the conduit at a point between the manifold and the outlet end of said conduit to the atmosphere, said manifold extending horizontally from the conduit and having downwardly extending branches opening through the ceilings of the upper rooms of the building, one of said branches being enclosed in one of the partitions for the rooms and having a plurality of lateral branches opening through the ceilings of a lower group of rooms.

2. A heating and cooling system for buildings comprising, in combination, a heating plant including a furnace and a jacket enclosingsaid furnace,V a conduit connected, at its lower end, to the top of the jacket and communicating, at its upper end, with the atmosphere, a manifold establishing communication between said conduit and the rooms of a building, a thermally controlled damper mounted in the conduit between said manifold and theatmosphere end of said conduit, a thermally controlled damper mounted in the jacket connected end portion of the conduit connected to the jacket, branches connecting sai return pipe to the rooms of`the building, and thermally controlled dampers mounted in said branches.

3. A heating and cooling system for buildings comprising, in combination, a heating plant including a furnace and a jacket enclosing said furnace, a conduit connected, at its lower end, to the top of the jacket and communicating, at its upper end, with the atmosphere, a manifold establishing communication betweenysaid conduit and the rooms of a building, a thermally controlled damper mounted in the conduit between -said manifold and the atmosphere end of said conduit, a thermally controlled damper mounted in the jacket connected end portion `of the conduit and in advance of the manifold, a

vreturn pipe Iconnected to the jacket, branches connecting said return pipe to the rooms of the building, and thermally controlled dampers mounted in said branches, said return pipe having communication with the atmosphere, and dampers for controlling the communication between said return pipe and the atmosphere.

THEODORE M. RUST. DAVID 'Il'. CRAFT.

and in advance of the manifold, a return pipe 

